Vegetable Filters for aquarium filtration

Vegetable Filters for aquarium filtration: "These W/D overflow units skim off the water surface layer and move the skimmed water outside the tank by siphons. The Vortex unit does not skim the surface. Outside the tank the units incorporates a standpipe (adjustable in the Vortex), commonly prefiltered by a sponge (not in the Vortex, but it may be added if kept clean by frequent rinsing - another valuable pollution export technique), to drop water to a lower level. Some overflows are crenellated, that is, they have squared notches around the skimmer rim. Others have smooth flat rims. I see little functional difference between the two overflow types. They maintain the water level at least at the level of the overflow rim or of the standpipe. When additional water is pumped into the tank from a sump, the water level rises to overflow (hence the name) into the surface-skimming unit. The steady state operation with water being pumped into the tank will have an upper tank level slightly above the rim of the overflow or standpipe (i.e., will show a positive meniscus)."



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